Your screen protector is a potential cause - in particular if the screen protector is toughened glass. There's some "physics" going here...
Toughened glass is heat treated - introducing internal stresses that are usually invisible in unpolarised lighting. Your iPad's LCD screen incorporates a polariser layer; polarised light from the screen interacts with the screen protector, revealing the internal stresses within the glass. This effect is entirely benign - and is unlikely to be visible when the screen is viewed normally. When viewed off-axis, at more extreme angles, this effect may become visible as you illustrate.
An possible alternative explanation might just be the adhesive layer of your screen protector, or screen contamination, becoming visible when viewed off-axis - this again being an effect of polarised light.